Accessibility

Inclusivity and Accessibility in Art

Creating space for all.

Our world is one of diversity. Every day, we interact with people from different backgrounds, ages, genders, and abilities. Yet, for far too long, our art spaces have failed to reflect this diversity, creating barriers that have excluded the many whilst serving only the few.

These barriers affect us all.

Diversity isn’t just about inclusion, it’s about expanding our horizons and deepening our collective experience. A life without variety is monotone, and without these voices and experiences, our shared human story lacks the richness, empathy, and honesty that makes it whole.

So, how do we change a centuries-old establishment, where exclusion is so deeply embedded? Transforming an industry with barriers at every level is a complex, multi-layered challenge – one the art world is beginning to confront.

In this article, we explore what it truly takes to create lasting change, alongside some of the advancements and initiatives that are steadily paving the way for a more welcoming and representative art space.

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Custard Apple (Annonaceae), Breadfruit (Moraceae), and Soursop (Annonaceae), 2021 · Veronica Ryan · Hackney, London · Courtesy: the artist, Paula Cooper Gallery, New York, and Alison Jacques, London · Photo © Andy Keate, 2021

"Not every mind or body will experience art the same way. But every mind and body is entitled to the experience."

— National Endowment for the Arts

Creating for, not about.

Across the UK, art programming is more diverse than ever, with both local and national exhibitions demonstrating how art can appeal to all, whilst placing minority communities at the forefront. 

Even so, as institutions address their historic lack of inclusivity, a critical question should always be considered: are we creating for underrepresented communities, or merely about them?

During a launch for Black History Month, a local government figure addressed a room full of Black people, stating that he didn’t like calling it Black History Month, and that for him it’s not about looking at the past, but looking towards the future. He continued – 150 years ago, people didn’t move from their villages…anyone who came from 20 miles away was considered a foreigner…and now, look at this room of diversity! His closing message? Go out and integrate!

These uncomfortable, though likely well intended comments cannot just be attributed to the disconnect of a single individual. This problem is not unique.

Just months earlier, a leading art institution displayed a similar theme. During an exhibition on colonialism, slavery and black lives, they aimed to confront the institution’s colonial legacy whilst showcasing the lived experiences of the communities this had impacted.

Conceived in response to the 2020 Black Lives Matter protests, this mammoth exhibition featured powerful works by iconic Black and Asian artists, and had both the intent and content for a meaningful exploration of its subject matter.

Even so, the exhibition’s narrative was framed in a way that diluted this, with it’s guide coldly juxtaposing the timeline of colonialism and slavery against the “accomplishments” of the empire that profited from it.

This speedy comparison failed to allow for the real time, reflection and accountability that such a weighty subject demanded – culminating in a romanticised description of those killed and thrown overboard during the transatlantic slave trade as “the drowned of the Middle Passage.”

Ethnic communities are not the only ones affected. During the development of an exhibition on disability, a discussion arose over choosing a controversial title for market impact, vs the emotional toll such framing could have on the very community it aims to represent. Such questions highlight a pressing issue – how do we challenge the preconceptions of the masses, whilst protecting needs of the minority?

 

Why the thought doesn’t always count

There is a core and nuanced issue on the path to lasting change.

The reality is that we are all human, and without time, introspection, and genuine interest, it’s challenging to truly understand someone else’s lived experience. Now, consider this within an institution, where many individuals’ primary exposure to diversity and inclusion may come through policy or professional obligation. This, of course does not even account for any institutional preconceptions or biases that may exist.

While diversity and inclusion are high priorities, with many championing these causes from within, they’re still one of many competing concerns in the cultural and public sectors, alongside sustainability, funding challenges, and audience engagement.

Overstretched and underfunded, the time, care, and dedication required to truly understand and empathise with multiple communities and causes can seem insurmountable. When applied to issues like sustainability, this approach may frustrate progress. When applied to the deeply human issues of community representation, it can re-traumatise and further perpetuate the exclusion and harm that these initiatives aim to address.

These failings and missteps have been historically called out – bringing us to the progress we see today. Institutions now engage with and hire panels, curators, artists, and leaders directly from underrepresented groups. This is a necessary, positive, and often successful step, but it should still be navigated carefully.

Even when initiatives are led by industry experts from or adjacent to these communities, it’s essential to consider the projects objectives and the expert’s approach:

Are institutional, market concerns, or entrenched practices being imposed on the process?

Are all those involved in the programme adequately briefed on both the practical and emotional needs of the group?

Is the project being shaped through a predominantly academic or historical lens?

And ultimately, does this accurately reflect the lived experiences and emotional needs of the community at hand?

Without this deeper understanding and introspection, the goal of true social inclusion will forever remain out of reach.

Disabled Lift · Louvre Museum, Paris, France · Photo © The Thomas-Ferdinand Gallery

Tate Sensorium, 2015 · Photo © Tate

Access and accessibility

Outside (and sometimes inside) their homes, minority communities often live in an exhausting state of masking, adaption, and internalised frustration – just to survive in a world that hasn’t been built for them. What many seek, or would welcome, is an external space where they can truly feel at home – a luxury the majority has enjoyed for centuries. It’s about being truly represented and respected, without the pressure or discomfort of “social acceptability.” 

Along with the consideration of content and curation, inclusivity also extends to how art spaces operate, ensuring that people of all backgrounds and abilities can access and engage with art comfortably and meaningfully. True inclusivity is about breaking down physical, social, and financial barriers, making these spaces welcoming and accessible to everyone.

 

Professional accessibility : Integrating the community

To achieve lasting change, diversity in the workforce extends beyond simply meeting quotas. While bringing underrepresented voices into panels, curatorial teams, and artistic roles is an invaluable starting point, developing inclusive work environments that nurture and support diverse career growth is equally important. It is this that ensures change endures past short-term trends or targets. Organisations like Creative Access and Arts Emergency play pivotal roles in this – providing mentorship, internships, and financial support.

Support for our freelancers – integral to the infrastructure of this industry – is also key, with initiatives such as the Arts Council England’s Developing Your Creative Practice fund supporting artists and creative professionals to overcome barriers and achieving their career goals.

 

Social accessibility : Reaching the community

One of the central barriers to accessibility is cost. While in the UK we are fortunate to have free access to public galleries and museums, much of the content created for diverse audiences is expensive to produce and often comes at a price – ironically alienating the very communities these initiatives aim to serve.

Galleries are increasingly addressing this by offering discounts for disabled groups, free carers’ tickets, and initiatives like ‘Pay What You Can’ events. These efforts are essential in making art more accessible, but they don’t solve every challenge.

Beyond these efforts, projects that actively bring art into the heart of communities form a key entry point. These initiatives make art more than just something to observe in galleries – they weave it into the fabric of daily life, developing connection and inclusivity at a grassroots level.

Public art projects like The Line Sculpture Trail, and the 2022 Hackney Windrush Commissions, featuring works by Turner Prize winner Veronica Ryan and sculptor Thomas J Price, provide an excellent model.  In the latter, Price crafted two towering figures, reaching heights of 8.7ft and 9ft. Based on 3D images of over 30 Hackney residents with a personal connection to Windrush, these sculptures have created unique, permanent public representations of people often overlooked.

Such public memorialising and celebration of the Windrush Generation can serve as source of pride within the community, and education to others, offering a unique blend of narrative and art that would have otherwise gone unexperienced.

Physical and Neurological Accessibility: Spaces open to all

Disability is diverse and personal.  It involves institutions thinking about much more than just accessible toilets and large-print guides. Organisations like AccessAble, Visit England, and Arts Council England are working to tackle this, and are setting standards for physical and neurological accessibility in these spaces.

But still, the creative industry has found benefit in getting even more creative – designing experiences that not only serve disabled people but also offer a fresh perspective to the wider community.

For individuals with visual impairments or neurological conditions like autism spectrum disorder, exhibitions can present specific creative challenges. Multi-sensory exhibitions provide an innovative solution, offering new ways to experience and engage with art. Tate’s 2015 Tate Sensorium did just so, inviting visitors to explore artworks through touch, sound, and scent, creating a more immersive experience for everyone.

On the other hand, Manchester Art Gallery’s Room to Breathe is a peaceful, low-stimulus environment, offering calm for those who might feel overwhelmed by sensory overload. The contrast between these two approaches shows that true accessibility is all about being thoughtful and considerate, recognising the subtle differences in what each community needs.

But what about those whose illness or disability prevents them from attending art spaces?

Beyond the gallery walls, technological innovation has the potential to greatly enhance accessibility. For many, virtual exhibitions and online guides offer an intriguing alternative, but for those with debilitating illnesses or disabilities, these digital platforms may be the only way to fully engage with and experience art.

From major institutions to small local organisations, the challenge of prioritising and accommodating a wide range of disabilities can be daunting and costly. However, as AccessAble, wisely advises: “You can’t do it all, so let the people decide.”

By adopting a staged approach and listening to customer feedback, businesses and cultural spaces can make meaningful strides toward better accessibility.

 

The emotional consideration

Despite efforts to increase accessibility, feelings of discomfort and exclusion may still persist. Some people from marginalised groups may feel hesitant when entering spaces that haven’t historically welcomed them, or when faced with painful subjects and histories that are deeply personal.

This is why initiatives like “Relaxed Sessions” for neurodivergent individuals and “Black Out” viewings for Black communities are so crucial. These programmes provide an empathetic entry point to more inclusive environments, helping everyone feel comfortable and truly at home in our art spaces.

Still from “Rising” app featuring the Artist in Augmented Reality, 2018 · Courtesy of Acute Art · © Marina Abramovic

The future of accessibility and inclusion : A work-in-progress

The journey toward true accessibility and inclusion in the art world is a multifaceted process. It requires addressing challenges across curatorial, professional, social, and physical dimensions to ensure that inclusivity initiatives are both meaningful and long-lasting.

Though it may be challenging, it is worth the effort. By institutions creating more safe spaces for marginalised communities, we experience educational and validating environments that benefit us all.

While there is still much work ahead, we can take comfort in knowing that the process is well under way. Every step forward, every success, and even setback, is a chance to learn and solidify a future of inclusivity.

 


 

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· Listing and Banner Image : Warm Shores (Installation View), 2022 · Thomas J Price · Hackney, London · Photo © Damian Griffiths

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